Using an array inside a constructor using Javascript

Question

I've been trying to find a way to correctly define an array as one of the constructor values. Let's say we have a student and we need to have an array with his grades and then using the array we need to get an average from the student's grades. Sadly, I only found some threads addressing this in other programming languages. This is what I thought would work:

function student(name, surname, number, grades) {
this.name = name;
this.surname = surname;
this.number = number;
this.grades = [];
this.average = function(grades) {
 var sum = 0;
 for(var i = 0; i < grades.length; i++) {
  sum + = grades[i];}
  var average = sum / grades.length;
  return average;
 }
}

And then

var student1 = new student("Peter","Cat",14444,[2,3,4]);
console.log(student1);

Unfortunately, it shows my grades array as blank and I can't see if my average function is working properly. Which part(s) should I change so that I would actually have some values in the grades array?

Thank you.

Answer 1

You have a couple things messed up. If you are going to pass the grades array in as an argument, then you need to set grades with this:

this.grades = grades;

Also in the average function you need to refer to grades with this.grades not just grades. This will allow you to add more grades later and still get the correct average. You could also consider making the grades optional by defining the constructor with something like:

function student(name, surname, number, grades =[])

Then if you don't pass in a value, an empty array will be waiting for you.

In the end you might have something like:

function student(name, surname, number, grades = []) {
  this.name = name;
  this.surname = surname;
  this.number = number;
  this.grades = grades;
  this.average = function() {
    return this.grades.reduce((a, c) => a + c, 0) / this.grades.length
  }
}

var student1 = new student("Peter", "Cat", 14444, [2, 3, 4]);
console.log("Average: ", student1.average())

// add another grade:
student1.grades.push(6)
console.log("New Average: ", student1.average() )