Ruby Sinatra validation returning errors to the view

Question

Rails dev new to sinatra...I'm trying to do some simple validations. When I try:

validates_presence_of :email, message: "Email cannot be blank."

   @emails.errors.each do |e|
      puts e
    end 

Sinatra returns

[: errorI"^Rack::Lint::LintError: Body yielded non-string value [:email, ["Email cannot be blank."]

How can I extract the error messages from that array, and any further validations I apply to this table.

I've tried puts e.first and few other options and i'm getting no where. Should i do this differently?

Thanks in advance!

# app.rb
require "sinatra"
require "Clipboard"
require "sinatra/activerecord"
require 'pony'

#basic auth
use Rack::Auth::Basic, "Enter Demo password." do |username, password|
  [username, password] == ['censor', 'censor']
end


#options
set :port, 3000

# configure :development do
  set :database, "sqlite3:///exceptDev.db"
# end

#end options


######################
####    MODELS      #
######################

class Emails < ActiveRecord::Base
  #validate fields  
  validates_presence_of :email, message: "Email cannot be blank."
end



######################
####    ROUTES       #
######################

get '/' do
  erb :index
end


get '/contact' do
  #create email record
  @fullname = params[:name].split
  @emails = Emails.create(first_name: @fullname.first, 
                          email: params[:email], 
                          last_name: @fullname.last,
                          msg: params[:msg],
                          postcards: params[:postcards],
                          stickers: params[:stickers]
                          )

  if @emails.save 
    redirect "/", notice: "HYFR!"
  else
    redirect "", errors: "wsdfasdf"
    # @emails.errors.each do |e|
    #   puts e
    # end #errors block
  end #if save
end #contact action

Answer 1

From the documentation:

The return value of a route block determines at least the response body passed on to the HTTP client, or at least the next middleware in the Rack stack. Most commonly, this is a string

You're trying to pass an array instead of a string. The return types are (again, listed in the docs)

• An Array with three elements: [status (Fixnum), headers (Hash), response body (responds to #each)]
• An Array with two elements: [status (Fixnum), response body (responds to #each)]
• An object that responds to #each and passes nothing but strings to the given block
• A Fixnum representing the status code

If you posted up the code you'd written it'd be easier to show you what to do, but this is basically what's happening.

---

From additional code:

In the route, at the very end of it, try something like this:

get '/contact' do
  # other code, then…

if @emails.errors

  unless @emails.errors?
    haml :show_a_nice_view_to_the_user
  else
    output = @emails.errors.join("; ")
    # log problems…

halt 500, output

    haml :error_template
  end
end

# in the error_template (or the show_a_nice_view_to_the_user
# it's up to you if you show a special page or not)
- @errors.full_messages.each do |error|
  %p= error