Validate DateTime before inserting it into SQL Server database

Question

Is there any way to validate datetime field before inserting it into appropriate table?

Trying to insert with try/catch block is not a way.

Thanks,

Answer 1

Not sure if I'm being overly pedantic there, but DateTime.TryParse will validate whether a value is a valid DateTime object. OP asked about verifying a value before inserting into SQL Server datetime. The range of acceptable values for a SQL Server datetime is "January 1, 1753, through December 31, 9999" That does not hold true for DateTime .NET objects. This script assigns a value of "1/1/0001 12:00:00 AM" to badDateTime and it successfully parses.

DateTime d = DateTime.MinValue;
string badDateTime = DateTime.MinValue.ToString();
Console.WriteLine(badDateTime);
DateTime.TryParse(badDateTime, out d);

However, if you attempted to store that into a datetime field, it would fail with "The conversion of a varchar data type to a datetime data type resulted in an out-of-range value."

A commenter asked why I used 997 for milliseconds, this is covered under SQL Server 2008 and milliseconds but saving you a click, 997 is the largest value you can store in a datetime datatype. 998 will be rounded up to 1 second with 000 milliseconds

    /// <summary>
    /// An initial pass at a method to verify whether a value is 
    /// kosher for SQL Server datetime
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="someval">A date string that may parse</param>
    /// <returns>true if the parameter is valid for SQL Sever datetime</returns>
    static bool IsValidSqlDatetime(string someval)
    {
        bool valid = false;
        DateTime testDate = DateTime.MinValue;
        DateTime minDateTime = DateTime.MaxValue;
        DateTime maxDateTime = DateTime.MinValue;

        minDateTime = new DateTime(1753, 1, 1);
        maxDateTime = new DateTime(9999, 12, 31, 23, 59, 59, 997);

        if (DateTime.TryParse(someval, out testDate))
        {
            if (testDate >= minDateTime && testDate <= maxDateTime)
            {
                valid = true;
            }
        }

        return valid;
    }

This is probably a better approach as this will attempt to cast the DateTime object into an actual sql datetime data type

---

    /// <summary>
    /// An better method to verify whether a value is 
    /// kosher for SQL Server datetime. This uses the native library
    /// for checking range values
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="someval">A date string that may parse</param>
    /// <returns>true if the parameter is valid for SQL Sever datetime</returns>
    static bool IsValidSqlDateTimeNative(string someval)
    {
        bool valid = false;
        DateTime testDate = DateTime.MinValue;
        System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlDateTime sdt;
        if (DateTime.TryParse(someval, out testDate))
        {
            try
            {
                // take advantage of the native conversion
                sdt = new System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlDateTime(testDate);
                valid = true;
            }
            catch (System.Data.SqlTypes.SqlTypeException ex)
            {

                // no need to do anything, this is the expected out of range error
            }
        }

        return valid;
    }