How to set a specific color for each bar in a barplot

Question

I am trying to choose a specific color for each bar in the following bar plot:

Given we have the following pandas Series with variable win_corr:

fruity             -0.380938
hard               -0.310382
pluribus           -0.247448
nougat              0.199375
caramel             0.213416
crispedricewafer    0.324680
peanutyalmondy      0.406192
bar                 0.429929
chocolate           0.636517
Name: winpercent, dtype: float64

For visualization I am using the following code:

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8,6))
ax = sns.barplot(win_corr.values,win_corr.index, orient='h', color='deepskyblue') 
ax.set_ylabel('')    
ax.set_xlabel('Value')
plt.title('Correlation Coefficients for winpercent')
ax.bar_label(ax.containers[0], fmt= '%0.1f', label_type='center' )
#ax[0].set_color['r'] # did not work to change the color
plt.show()

To change the color I tried the following solutions from a similar question:

color = ['black','red','green','orange','blue','limegreen','darkgreen','royalblue','navy']


fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8,6))
ax = sns.barplot(win_corr.values,win_corr.index, orient='h', color=color) # did NOT work 
ax.set_ylabel('')    
ax.set_xlabel('Value')
plt.title('Correlation Coefficients for winpercent')
ax.bar_label(ax.containers[0], fmt= '%0.1f', label_type='center' )

plt.show()

I have the following error message:

ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-51-e266cc052512> in <module>()
      3 
      4 fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8,6))
----> 5 ax = sns.barplot(win_corr.values,win_corr.index, orient='h', color=color) # did NOT work
      6 ax.set_ylabel('')
      7 ax.set_xlabel('Value')

9 frames
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/matplotlib/colors.py in _to_rgba_no_colorcycle(c, alpha)
    269         raise ValueError(f"Invalid RGBA argument: {orig_c!r}")
    270     if len(c) not in [3, 4]:
--> 271         raise ValueError("RGBA sequence should have length 3 or 4")
    272     if not all(isinstance(x, Number) for x in c):
    273         # Checks that don't work: `map(float, ...)`, `np.array(..., float)` and

ValueError: RGBA sequence should have length 3 or 4

Answer 1

Use the palette parameter instead of color. Since Seaborn version 0.13, you also need to set the hue parameter when using palette.

import seaborn as sns
import pandas as pd
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# sample data
data = {'fruity': -0.380938, 'hard': -0.310382, 'pluribus': -0.247448,
        'nougat': 0.199375, 'caramel': 0.213416, 'crispedricewafer': 0.32468,
        'peanutyalmondy': 0.406192, 'bar': 0.429929, 'chocolate': 0.636517}
win_corr = pd.Series(data)

color = ['black','red','green','orange','blue','limegreen','darkgreen','royalblue','navy']

fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(8,6))
ax = sns.barplot(x=win_corr.values, y=win_corr.index, hue=win_corr.index, orient='h', palette=color, dodge=False)
ax.set_ylabel('')    
ax.set_xlabel('Value')
plt.title('Correlation Coefficients for winpercent')
ax.bar_label(ax.containers[0], fmt= '%0.1f', label_type='center' )

plt.show()