I have four models: User, Product, Ownership and Location. Userand Product have one Location, and Location belongs to User and to Product (Polymorphic model).
I want to use FactoryGirl to create products that have the same location as their owner.
factory :location do
  sequence(:address) { |n| "#{n}, street, city" }
end
factory :user do
  sequence(:name)  { |n| "Robot #{n}" }
  sequence(:email) { |n| "numero#{n}@robots.com"}
  association :location, factory: :location
end
factory :product do
  sequence(:name) { |n| "Objet #{n}" }
  association :location, factory: :location
end
factory :ownership do
  association :user, factory: :user
  association :product, factory: :product
end
I created a method in the product model file to retrieve the product's owner just by doing product.owner. 
I want to adapt the product factory in order to replace the factoried location by product.owner.location. How can I do that?
I want to use it like that:
First I create a user
FactoryGirl.create(:user)
Later I create a product
FactoryGirl.create(:product)
When I associate both of them
FactoryGirl.create(:current_ownership, product: product, user: user)
I want that the location of my product becomes the one of his owner.
use the following code.
factory :user do
  sequence(:name)  { |n| "Robot #{n}" }
  sequence(:email) { |n| "numero#{n}@robots.com"}
  association :location, factory: :location
  factory :user_with_product do
    after(:create) do |user|
      create(:product, location: user.location)
    end
  end
end
To create the records, just use the user_with_product factory.
UPDATE:
In response to your question update, you can add an after(:create) callback to the ownership factory
factory :ownership do
  association :user, factory: :user
  association :product, factory: :product
  after(:create) do |ownership|
    # update ownership.user.location here with ownership.user.product
  end
end
The problem with this is your current association setup.  Since location belongs to user or product, the foreign key is in location. so a location can't both belong to a user and a product at the same time.
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