Convert a time span in seconds to formatted time in shell

Question

I have a variable of $i which is seconds in a shell script, and I am trying to convert it to 24 HOUR HH:MM:SS. Is this possible in shell?

Answer 1

Here's a fun hacky way to do exactly what you are looking for =)

date -u -d @${i} +"%T" 

Explanation:

• The date utility allows you to specify a time, from string, in seconds since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 UTC, and output it in whatever format you specify.
• The -u option is to display UTC time, so it doesn't factor in timezone offsets (since start time from 1970 is in UTC)
• The following parts are GNU date-specific (Linux):
  • The -d part tells date to accept the time information from string instead of using now
  • The @${i} part is how you tell date that $i is in seconds
• The +"%T" is for formatting your output. From the man date page: %T time; same as %H:%M:%S. Since we only care about the HH:MM:SS part, this fits!

Answer 2

Another approach: arithmetic

i=6789 ((sec=i%60, i/=60, min=i%60, hrs=i/60)) timestamp=$(printf "%d:%02d:%02d" $hrs $min $sec) echo $timestamp 

produces 1:53:09